MACRACOF HERBAL SYRUP

COUGH

Cough is a natural protective physiological mechanism that serves to clear the respiratory passages. Coughing causes the forceful expulsion of foreign particle (dust, bacteria, and allergens) along with sputum.

Mucus that is ejected from the lower respiratory tract (lungs, bronchi and trachea) through the mouth is known as sputum.

A sudden noisy expulsion of air from the lungs is usually produced to keep the airways of the lungs free of foreign matter.

Types of cough

  1. Productive cough: There is formation of sputum in this type of cough.
  2. Non-productive cough: Also known as dry cough. There is no sputum production in this cough.

Coughs can be either acute or chronic:

  • Acute coughs usually begin suddenly and are often due to a cold, flu, or sinus infection. They usually go away after 3 weeks.
  • Sub-acute coughs last 3 to 8 weeks.
  • Chronic coughs last longer than 3 weeks.

 

Common lower respiratory disorders

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) –It is the chronic inflammatory lung disease that creates obstruction in the lungs and causes short breathlessness. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD

Chronic Bronchitis – Any irritant reaching the bronchi and bronchioles will stimulate an increased secretion of mucus. In chronic bronchitis the air passages become clogged with mucus, and this leads to a persistent cough.

Emphysema – The delicate walls of the alveoli break down, reducing the gas exchange area of the lungs. The condition develops slowly and is seldom a direct cause of death.

Asthma – Periodic constriction of the bronchi and bronchioles makes it more difficult to breathe.

Pneumonia – An infection of the alveoli. It can be caused by many kinds of bacteria and viruses. Tissue fluids accumulate in the alveoli reducing the surface area exposed to air. If enough alveoli are affected, the patient may need supplemental oxygen.

According to Ayurveda

In ayurveda Respiratory system disorders are known as Pranavahasrotodustivikar. All types of airway diseases are caused by the simultaneous aggravation of Vata and Kaphadoshas. There are five types of VataDosha mentioned as Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana and Apana, among which PranaVata is the prime. PranaVata is located in the Head, moves in the Chest, Throat, Tongue, Mouth, and Nose and it holds the life in the body. The vitiated PranaVayu can produce diseases such as Kasa (cough), Shvasa (Breathlessness), Pratishyaya (Common cold), Swarabedha (Hoarseness of Voice) etc.

Kasaroga is correlated with cough. Kasa has been described as an independent disorder as well as a symptom of many diseases like Asthma.Common clinical features: KasaPravriti – Shushkakasa (Dry cough) or Sakapha (productive cough).

Swasaroga is correlated to breathlessness and it has further types. TamakSwasaroga is correlated with Asthma.According to Ayurveda the vitiated Pranvayu combines with deranged kaphadosha in the lungs causing obstruction in the pranavahasrotasa(respiratory tract).This results in gasping, labored breathing and respiratory distress. This condition is called Swasaroga.

In Ayurveda, Kanthya drugs have significant role that are effective in treating various disorders of throat. When Kanthya drugs are given along with Kasahar and Swasahar drugs they show beneficial effects in treatment of respiratory disorders. Mainly these Kashar and Swashar drugs have Vatahar and Kaphahar properties.

Each 5 ml of syrup contains

Aqueous extract derived from:  Vasa 360mg, Yashtimadhu 150mg, Bharangi 90mg, Kantakari 90mg, Zoofa 80mg, Bibhitaki 60mg, Lasurian 60mg, Sonth 60mg, Haridra 50mg, Hanspadi 50mg, Tulsi 50mg, Shuddh Navsar 15mg, Tankan Shodhit 12mg, Sat Pudina 1mg

Vasa (AdhatodaVasica)

It has been used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory disorders. Both vasicine and vasicinone, the primary alkaloid constituents of Adhatoda are well established as therapeutical respiratory agents. Extracts of Adhatoda’s leaves and roots are useful in treating bronchitis, and other lung and bronchiole disorders, as well as common cough and cold. A decoction of the leaves of Adhatoda has a soothing effect on irritation in the throat, and acts as an expectorant to loosen phlegm in the respiratory passages.

In another investigation vasicine (constituent of vasa) showed bronchodilatory activity both in vitro and in vivo.

The analysis of various pharmacological and clinical studies indicates that Vasa leaf is reported to possess expectorant, bronchodilator, anti-tubercular, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities.

Yashtimadhu(Glycyrrhizaglabra)

The liquorice powder and extract was found to be effective in treatment of sore throat, cough and bronchial catarrh. Liquorice has been shown to work as efficiently as codeine in sore throat. It decreases irritation and produces expectorant effects. Liquorice extract may also be able to stimulate tracheal mucus secretions producing demulcent and expectorant effects. Glycyrrhizin is responsible for demulcent action of liquorice.

Kantakari (Solanumsurattense)

Kantakari is bitter and pungent with hot and dry potency. It has Kapha Vatashamaka properties. This was considered as best in the treatment of Kasa and Svasavikars by Ayurvedic Acharyas. It was mentioned under hikkanigrahana (hiccups relieving) and kasahar mahakashayas by ayurvedicacharyas. It has kasahar (effective in treating cough and cold), sothahar (Anti-inflammatory) and kanthya (good for throat) properties according to classic texts.

Zoofa (Hyssopusofficinalis)

In a study, the effect of Hyssopus officinalis L. on airway immune regulation and airway inflammation was investigated in a mouse model of chronic asthma. The results demonstrated that Hyssopusofficinalis not only plays an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the invasion of eosinophils(EOS) and decreasing the levels of IgE, but also affects immune regulation. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 8: 1371-1374,  2014

Bibhitaki (Terminaliabellirica)

It is useful in hoarseness of voice, asthma, cough and common cold. It relieves blocked phlegm and bleeding in sputum. In vivo study in rodents revealed that crude extract of T. belerica possessed protective effect against castor oil-induced diarrhea and carbachol-mediated bronchoconstriction.J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Mar 28;116(3):528-38.

Sonth (ZingiberOfficinale)

In an experiment the antibacterial property of different concentration of plant extract was monitored using ‘disc diffusion assay’. To antibacterial activity of Zingiber officinale data revealed the sensitizing quality of extract against Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiellapneumoniae and Streptococcus aureus.

Another set of experiment anticough forming activity of Zingiber officinale extract shows the expiratory effort due to an end tracheal mechanical stimulus was reduced by Z. officinale extract shows the dose response in SGOT and SGPT enzyme as compared to SO2 treated group. The mortality rate was observed to be nil in all experimental groups.

 

Tulsi (Osimum sanctum)

It has Kaphavatahara & Pittavardhaka properties. It was mentioned under Swasaharamahakashayas by Charaka. In Ayurvedic system tulsi is often referred to as an “Elixir of Life” for its healing powers and has been known to treat many different common health conditions. In the Indian Materia Medica tulsi leaf extracts are described for treatment of bronchitis, common cough and cold.

In a study, the bronchodilator activity of Ocimum sanctumin mild and moderate asthma and compare its efficacy with the standard bronchodilator drug, Salbutamol were evaluated. The results suggest that Ocimum sanctum Linn. possess significant bronchodilator activity in mild and moderate bronchial asthma.Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;6(3):511-517

 

ShuddhNavsar (Ammonium chloride)

It is used as an expectorant in cough medicine. Its expectorant action is caused by irritative action on the bronchial mucosa, which causes the production of excess respiratory tract fluid, which presumably is easier to cough up.

 

Tankan shodhit (Borax)

In ayurveda, Tankan Bhasma or calcine borax is used for productive cough, breathing problems, wheezing and bronchitis etc.

 

Haridra (Curcuma longa)

Haridra is famous for its medicinal properties and is put to use to treat various ailments. Haridra is a known kaphaghana, possessing antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti- allergic properties. Haridra do lekhan karma i.e. it acts as mucolytic and helps in elimination of the excess of mucous that is produced and also by Tikta rasa, Katuvipaka, ruksha and ushna guna the haridra performs kledashoshan karma and dushtadravashoshsan hereby it justifies it’s anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic property. International Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 6:2 (2016) 2188 –2193

 Lasurian (Cordiadichotoma)

In a study the antibacterial activity of Cordiadichotoma bark was checked against two gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Gram positive bacteria (St. pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) and the antifungal activity of the extracts was carried out against three common pathogenic fungi (Aspergillusniger, A.clavatus, and Candida albicans). Zone of inhibition of extracts was compared with that of different standards like Amplicilline, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Chloramphenicol for antibacterial activity and Nystain and Greseofulvin for antifungal activity. The extracts showed remarkable inhibition of zone of bacterial growth and fungal growth and the results obtained were comparable with that of standards drugs against the organisms tested. Ayu. 2011 Oct-Dec; 32(4): 585–589.

 Bharangi (Clerodendrumserratum)

ClerodendrumSerratum, known as bharangi in ayurveda, is traditionally used in treating inflammation, and respiratory diseases. Ethanol extract of roots of C. serratum showed antiasthmatic activity.

 Sat Pudina (Menthaviridis)

The four new flavonoids and three new glycosides isolated from ethyl acetate soluble fractions of M. spicata leaves shows antihistaminic activity by inhibiting antigen stimulated rat basophile.

Coughing is a common reflex action that clears your throat of mucus or foreign irritants. According to Ayurveda, aggravation of Vata and Kapha doshas are the main causative factors of Respiratory problems.

Macracof Herbal syrup is the herbomineral formulation which contains combination of herbs like Yashtimadhu, Vasa, Tulsi, Sunthi, Sudha Navsar and Bibhitaki that act as an expectorant, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and bronchodilators.

  • Yastimadhu is used as a base in the Macracof Herbal; therefore it is free from any sugar content. It decreases throat irritation and helps in clearing out the mucus.
  • Bhibhitaki & Tulsi relieves the blocked phlegm and has bronchodilatory action and promotes easy breathing.
  • Vasa and Shuddh Navsar helps in clearing congestion due to its expectorant action.and promote easy breathing.
  • Tulsi, Lasurian and Sonth in Macracof Herbal fight various respiratory tract infections due to presence of antimicrobial and antiviral properties.
  • The mucolytic action of Haridra helps in the elimination of mucous.
  • Kantkari, Zoffa and Yastimadhu are the Kanthya drugs that are having vata and kaphahar action and are effective in improving voice quality along with relieving the disease of throat.

It is effective in providing relief from cough, cold and bronchitis associated cough. It is also effective in the asthmatic conditions.

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